Journal of Energy Transition

Study on measurement of Electromagnetic compatibility in the transmission lines and substations of Erdenet mining corporation

Sun, 28 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Electromagnetic compatibility ( EMC) is an understanding of modern research, that research to summarize variety electromagnetic phenomena such as over voltage, radio noise, network voltage fluctuation, ground affect. It is essential to research of electromagnetic state and compatibility during the operation of the transmission lines and substations which is the largest electrical power system, and to take measures to protect the equipment, that exceeding the maximum permissible level of electromagnetic compatibility parameters. [1] The 220 kV, 110 kV, and 35 kV power grids and substations of Erdenet Industrial Power Plant, a major electricity consumer in Mongolia, were selected as the research objects. Electric and magnetic field measurements were conducted to determine the electromagnetic environment of the power supply system of the Erdenet plant, overhead power lines, and substations, and their compatibility. The measurements were performed using 4 types of instruments, HI-3603 SURVEY METER and -AARONIA SPECTRAN, which met the standards. A total of 3,484 measurements were taken at 41 points. The measurement results were processed using MATLAB and COMSOL software. The measurement and simulation results have been evaluated against the International Standard IEC 61000. he discrepancy between the simulated and measured values was within 3%, confirming that the developed simulation models are accurate and can be reliably used for further EMC studies.

Application of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Estimation Daily Peak Load of District Heating System in Ulaanbaatar

Batmend Luvsandorj, Enkhjargal Khaltar, Tsetsegee Tserendorj — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The heating system of Ulaanbaatar, has been in operation for more than 60 years; therefore, optimizing system operation, implementing data-driven system planning and improvement, and supporting informed decision-making have become priority objectives. This study investigates the forecasting of daily peak loads in the district heating system (DHS) of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, which is recognized as the coldest capital city worldwide. A comprehensive dataset comprising more than 80,000 hours of historical heat load and ambient temperature data collected between 2018 and 2024 was used to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model based on a feed-forward back-propagation neural network. The model incorporates outdoor air temperature and historical load values from the previous day and the corresponding day of the preceding week as input variables. The results show that the AI-based approach achieves higher predictive accuracy than conventional regression models, with a correlation coefficient of 0.953 and a coefficient of determination R²of 0.925, compared with 0.91 for the regression-based method. These findings indicate that the proposed model is suitable for supporting operational planning and load management in district heating systems operating under extreme climatic conditions.

Electric Energy Loss Calculation Software and Calculation Results

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

When developing an integrated program that can be used in production to calculate and analyze energy losses in the electric distribution network, unique mathematical modeling suited to the specific electric distribution network, its structure, organization, characteristics, and scope of service is applied, along with linear and nonlinear calculation model methods. There are direct methods and mathematical-statistical methods to determine energy losses in distribution networks through calculations. It is necessary to correctly select the mathematical model for calculation, the scale of the model, and composite calculation methods, and in some cases, develop new ones, design algorithms, and create software. The method of determining electric power loss using the duration of losses based on the steady-state calculation of the electrical distribution network is highly accurate, but it has the drawback of requiring a large amount of primary data and monthly mode measurements of each substation in the calculations. Therefore, in this study, a simple method was used to determine electric power loss using the measurement values of meters installed at the head of the distribution network, employing a single-line, single-transformer equivalent model. In this method, when performing the calculation, a load shape coefficient was calculated instead of using the duration of the loss. This article discusses programs developed to determine electric power loss in the distribution network in this direction and using them to perform calculations for reducing power loss in the short term.

Feasibility Study on Using Air-Cooled Condensers in the Condensing System of a Combined-Cycle Power Plant

Anarjargal Amgalanbaatar, Enkhbayar Shagdar — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In modern energy production, countries are increasingly prioritizing the adoption of environmentally sustainable technologies that enhance energy efficiency while minimizing ecological impact. For Mongolia, with its arid climate and limited water resources, the traditional use of water-cooled systems in power plants poses significant environmental challenges. As a result, the adoption of innovative solutions, such as air-cooled condensers (ACCs), is becoming crucial. ACCs offer a viable alternative in water-scarce regions, especially in arid areas like the Gobi Desert, where they can help conserve local water resources without disrupting the ecological balance or the water needs of communities and wildlife. This study examines the feasibility of integrating an ACC into the K-12-35 steam turbine cooling system of a planned 124 MW combined-cycle power plant (CCPP) near the Tavan Tolgoi coal mine in Tsogttsetsii, Omnogobi Province. A performance comparison between ACCs and water-cooled condensers (WCCs) is conducted using ambient air temperatures representative of all four seasons. For the K-12-35 steam turbine, a WCC requires 1,795.8 tons of cooling water per hour to condense 54.35 tons of exhaust steam, with approximately 1.6% of this water lost to evaporation. ACCs, on the other hand, eliminate water loss entirely, providing a significant advantage in arid climates.

Current Status of Mongolian Energy Policy and Legislation

Tsend-Ayush Yanjmaa, Jargalsaikhan Bazarsad, Batgerel Tumurbaatar — Sun, 28 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Mongolian energy transition is taking place within a complex interaction of policy frameworks, legal reforms, pricing mechanisms, and geopolitical dependencies. Although long-term strategic documents such as , renewable energy expansion, and market-oriented reforms, their implementation remains constrained by institutional fragmentation, political cycles, and heavy reliance on electricity imports during peak demand periods. This study analyzes the current status of Mongolian energy policy and legislation, focusing on the alignment between policy objectives, legal instruments, and market structures. Particular attention is given to energy pricing policy, which represents the most politically sensitive component of the transition, as well as to the role of neighboring countries in ensuring short-term system stability. Using policy analysis and electricity market theory, the study highlights the limitations of a fully liberalized market model under current conditions and argues that a transitional hybrid market structure is more suitable. The findings suggest that prioritizing the introduction of balancing and ancillary services markets, followed by a phased implementation of day-ahead market mechanisms, could improve system reliability, mitigate renewable energy variability, and support a gradual shift toward cost-reflective pricing while maintaining social affordability.